Getting around Nepal
Air:
Destinations such as Lukla, Pokhara, Simikot, Jomsom, Janakpur and Bharatpur are served by domestic flights. Nepal Airlines (www.nepalairlines.com.np) operates an extensive range of scheduled services, dropping trekkers at the main hiking routes. Yeti Airlines (www.yetiairlines.com) and Buddha Air (www.buddhaair.com) are also popular carriers. Internal flights can be booked via Nepal Air Flight (www.nepalairflight.com). Morning flights tend to be affected less by inclement weather.
Note: Airfares must be paid in foreign currency by foreign nationals.
Air passes:
Air passes aren’t common in Nepal, but Tara Air (www.taraair.com) and Buddha Air (www.buddhaair.com) offer periodic deals.
Departure tax:
200NPR is charged for domestic flights prior to departure.
Road:
International Driving Permits are required to drive in Nepal. Drivers should be cautions; driving standards are poor and so are the roads. Car hire is not available in Nepal, but it is possible to hire drivers. Tourist buses run frequent service throughout the country.
Side of road: Left
Road quality:
The road infrastructure in Nepal is limited. Road quality is also poor; potholes abound and landslides frequently close roads, particularly mountain roads which can be impassable during monsoon season (June to September).
Car hire:
There are no self-drive hire cars in Nepal. Travellers must hire a car and driver.
Taxi:
Taxis drivers are ubiquitous. Fares are cheap by Western standards, but do negotiate a price before entering the cab. Tipping is appreciated but not expected.
Bike:
Bicycles and motorcycles can be hired in larger towns and cities. You’ll need an international driver’s license to rent a motorbike, but some vendors turn a blind eye if you don’t have one. Helmets and facemasks are advised. Check the horn works too – you may need it.
Coach:
Tourist buses provide transport to destinations throughout the country. They tend to be better equipped, more comfortable and safer than local buses. They also make stops on long journeys for lunch and tea. Tickets can be booked through hotels and tour operators.
Local buses are cheaper, but tend to be packed and poorly maintained. Conductors collect tickets onboard.
Regulations:
The minimum driving age is 18.
Breakdown service:
N/A
Documentation:
An International Driving Permit is valid in Nepal for 15 days, after which a local licence is required. A temporary licence is available from local authorities on presentation of a valid national driving license.
By road note:
Drink driving is not tolerated in Nepal and police checkpoints are common during holidays and festivals. Strikes – known locally as bandas – frequently bring Nepal to a halt, closing the country’s roads. Keep abreast of the news before you travel.
Getting around towns and cities:
There are frequent bus services in populous towns and cities. Private minibuses are also available.
Taxi: Metered taxis are plentiful in Kathmandu; at night, the meter reading plus 50% is standard. Private taxis are more expensive and fares should be agreed before departure.
Tempos: These metered three-wheel scooters are slightly cheaper than taxis.
Rickshaws: These operate throughout Kathmandu. Fares should be negotiated in advance.
Rail:
It is not currently possible to travel across Nepal by train.
Rail passes:
N/A
By rail note:
N/A
By water:
Ferries are used for river and lake crossings, but tend to be overcrowded.
By water note:
N/A
Thursday, August 7, 2014
Nepal Food and Drink
Nepal Food and Drink
Sandwiched between India and China, Nepal’s cuisine is heavily influenced by its neighbours – although dishes tend to be simpler and less varied.
Meals are typically spicy and meaty, although that’s not to say you can’t find good vegetarian cuisine. Indeed, the national dish is dal bhat (lentil curry), which, like most dishes, is accompanied with rice and thin pancake-like bread known as chapatti.
Nepal’s unreliable electricity supply restricts the ability to refrigerate produce, which, perversely, has a positive effect because it means most food is prepared to order.
Adventurous gastronomes should venture into the markets to sample fresh fruits including umpteen varieties of bananas, which are some of the sweetest you’ll ever taste.
At the higher end of the market, Kathmandu has developed an international culinary scene where diners can find dishes from all over the world. Chefs artistically prepare five-star menus, and food competitions have aimed to encourage budding restauranteurs.
Bakeries and cafés are scattered around tourist towns, where patrons can quaff Nepali tea (ask for it kaalo [black] or with chini [sugar]).
Specialities:
• Dal bhat (lentils and rice)
• Tarkari (spiced vegetables)
• Thukpha (Tibetan stew of noodles and meat)
• Rotis (flat pancake-like bread made from wheat or rice flour)
• Chapatti (similar to roti but thinner)
• Choyla (diced and roasted water buffalo, spiced and eaten with rice)
• Cel roti (Nepali equivalent of a donut; circular, fried dough)
• Pani puri (round pastries filled with spices, potatoes, and water)
• Momos (handmade dumplings filled with meat or veggies; order them friend or steamed)
Things to know:
It is considered rude to eat with your left hand. Utensils are provided in most tourist destinations, but locals still eat with their hands. Bring your own water bottle to be eco-conscious or buy bottled for cheap on the street.
Tipping:
Only expected in tourist hotels and restaurants; 10% is sufficient.
Regional drinks:
• Chai (tea brewed with milk, sugar and spices)
• Butter tea (popular among Tibetan cultures; the combination of salt, butter, and hot water)
• Lassi (curd mixed with sugar in a mixture of sweet and salty flavours)
• Raksi (wheat or rice alcohol)
• Chang (homebrewed beer made from fermented barley, maize, rye or millet)
Drinking age: 21, although that’s not strictly enforced – you’ll never be asked for an ID at a bar.
Sandwiched between India and China, Nepal’s cuisine is heavily influenced by its neighbours – although dishes tend to be simpler and less varied.
Meals are typically spicy and meaty, although that’s not to say you can’t find good vegetarian cuisine. Indeed, the national dish is dal bhat (lentil curry), which, like most dishes, is accompanied with rice and thin pancake-like bread known as chapatti.
Nepal’s unreliable electricity supply restricts the ability to refrigerate produce, which, perversely, has a positive effect because it means most food is prepared to order.
Adventurous gastronomes should venture into the markets to sample fresh fruits including umpteen varieties of bananas, which are some of the sweetest you’ll ever taste.
At the higher end of the market, Kathmandu has developed an international culinary scene where diners can find dishes from all over the world. Chefs artistically prepare five-star menus, and food competitions have aimed to encourage budding restauranteurs.
Bakeries and cafés are scattered around tourist towns, where patrons can quaff Nepali tea (ask for it kaalo [black] or with chini [sugar]).
Specialities:
• Dal bhat (lentils and rice)
• Tarkari (spiced vegetables)
• Thukpha (Tibetan stew of noodles and meat)
• Rotis (flat pancake-like bread made from wheat or rice flour)
• Chapatti (similar to roti but thinner)
• Choyla (diced and roasted water buffalo, spiced and eaten with rice)
• Cel roti (Nepali equivalent of a donut; circular, fried dough)
• Pani puri (round pastries filled with spices, potatoes, and water)
• Momos (handmade dumplings filled with meat or veggies; order them friend or steamed)
Things to know:
It is considered rude to eat with your left hand. Utensils are provided in most tourist destinations, but locals still eat with their hands. Bring your own water bottle to be eco-conscious or buy bottled for cheap on the street.
Tipping:
Only expected in tourist hotels and restaurants; 10% is sufficient.
Regional drinks:
• Chai (tea brewed with milk, sugar and spices)
• Butter tea (popular among Tibetan cultures; the combination of salt, butter, and hot water)
• Lassi (curd mixed with sugar in a mixture of sweet and salty flavours)
• Raksi (wheat or rice alcohol)
• Chang (homebrewed beer made from fermented barley, maize, rye or millet)
Drinking age: 21, although that’s not strictly enforced – you’ll never be asked for an ID at a bar.
Shopping and Nightlife in Nepal
Nepal Shopping and nightlife
Shopping in Nepal
If you like shopping you’ll love Nepal’s many and varied markets. These lively bazaars are packed with vibrant wares and hard-haggling hawkers. Popular buys include locally made garments such as pashmina scarves, sweaters, topis (lopsided caps), mittens, socks, Tibetan dresses, woven shawls and multicoloured jackets.
Other common items include the Khukri (the national knife), saranghi (a small, four-stringed viola played with a horse-hair bow), papier mâché dance masks, Buddhist statuettes and bamboo flutes. Teas and spices are also popular.
With its burgeoning arts scene, Kathmandu and Patan are exciting places to shop for traditional and modern paintings and sculptures. More practically speaking, Thamel and Lukla are packed with outlets selling outdoorwear for those thinking of heading into the mountains.
Shopping hours:
Sunday through Friday, 1000-2000 in most tourist areas.
Note:
Antiques cannot be taken out of the country and must be inspected by the Department of Archeology.
Nightlife in Nepal
Kathmandu's nightlife may not be considered wild, but there are plenty of late bars, live music spots and nightclubs in which to have a good knees-up. Most are located around Thamel and near the city's 5-star hotels. Many restaurants put on traditional Newari dance shows for tourists – particularly in Pokara – and there are a couple of casinos for those who fancy trying their luck.
In Thamel Hollywood blockbusters are shown in bars and restaurants, while local cinemas play a range of Bollywood films. In Pokhara, the nightlife centres around snooker halls and dance bars, which play Bollywood pop music until the early hours.
Live music is ubiquitous in Lakeside, and drinks can be found on the cheap throughout the day. Nepalis do like to drink, so if that’s your thing you will make friends easily. In mountain towns near Lukla, if you stay up late enough, you can toast with porters and guides who will muster the strength to wake up early and lug large loads up the mountain despite putting back glass after glass of Kuhkari rum late into the evening.
Shopping in Nepal
If you like shopping you’ll love Nepal’s many and varied markets. These lively bazaars are packed with vibrant wares and hard-haggling hawkers. Popular buys include locally made garments such as pashmina scarves, sweaters, topis (lopsided caps), mittens, socks, Tibetan dresses, woven shawls and multicoloured jackets.
Other common items include the Khukri (the national knife), saranghi (a small, four-stringed viola played with a horse-hair bow), papier mâché dance masks, Buddhist statuettes and bamboo flutes. Teas and spices are also popular.
With its burgeoning arts scene, Kathmandu and Patan are exciting places to shop for traditional and modern paintings and sculptures. More practically speaking, Thamel and Lukla are packed with outlets selling outdoorwear for those thinking of heading into the mountains.
Shopping hours:
Sunday through Friday, 1000-2000 in most tourist areas.
Note:
Antiques cannot be taken out of the country and must be inspected by the Department of Archeology.
Nightlife in Nepal
Kathmandu's nightlife may not be considered wild, but there are plenty of late bars, live music spots and nightclubs in which to have a good knees-up. Most are located around Thamel and near the city's 5-star hotels. Many restaurants put on traditional Newari dance shows for tourists – particularly in Pokara – and there are a couple of casinos for those who fancy trying their luck.
In Thamel Hollywood blockbusters are shown in bars and restaurants, while local cinemas play a range of Bollywood films. In Pokhara, the nightlife centres around snooker halls and dance bars, which play Bollywood pop music until the early hours.
Live music is ubiquitous in Lakeside, and drinks can be found on the cheap throughout the day. Nepalis do like to drink, so if that’s your thing you will make friends easily. In mountain towns near Lukla, if you stay up late enough, you can toast with porters and guides who will muster the strength to wake up early and lug large loads up the mountain despite putting back glass after glass of Kuhkari rum late into the evening.
What to see and do in Nepal
Nepal things to see and do
Tourist offices
Nepal Tourism Board
PO Box 11018, Bhrikuti Mandap, Kathmandu, Nepal
Tel: (1) 422 5709.
www.tourism.gov.np
Things to see and do
Float on Phewa Lake
After a mighty trek up the Himalayas – or a night on the local beers – take a well-earned rest on the limpid waters of Phewa Tal in Pokhara. Either rent a rowing boat or hire a captain to do the hard work for you. If possible, row out to Barahi Mandir, a temple perched on an island in the middle of the lake.
Go on safari at Chitwan National Park
Nepal's oldest national park, Chitwan is home to endangered Bengal tigers, one-horned rhinos and mugger crocodiles, not to mention numerous bird species. Visitors can explore the park on elephants or in a safari vehicle. It’s also possible to spend the night in watch-towers, listening to the roar of the jungle.
Go underground at Siddha Gufa
At 437m deep, Siddha Gufa is the largest cave in Nepal and features spectacular stalactites, stalagmites and a myriad of otherworldly rock formations. Located just outside the village of Bandipur, the cave can be accessed by bus from Pokhara.
Marvel at Mount Everest
The tallest mountain in the world, Mount Everest is the ultimate test of physical endurance for climbers and hikers. However, if you can’t make it to the summit or even base camp, you can view this peak in all its glory from the window of a plane. Most domestic airlines offer scenic flights, which are available from Pokhara and other locations.
Paraglide over Pokhara
Pokhara has been dubbed as one of the top places to paraglide in the world. Unique geothermal patterns and stunning landscapes make this lakeside destination popular for international thrill seekers. Several companies offer flight instruction and transport to and from the landing site including Blue Sky (www.blue-sky-paragliding.com) and Fly Nepal (flynepalparagliding.com.np).
Party in Thamel
Once you’ve finished sightseeing in Kathmandu, have a well-earned beer in the lively Thamel district of the city. Packed with bars, clubs and restaurants, you won’t struggle to find a glass of the local brew in these parts. As well as pints of Khukuri, you will also find local cuisine, fellow travellers and loud music.
Photograph Pokhara
Described as the ‘jewel of Himalaya,’ Pokhara is a lakeside city of extraordinary beauty. Set to the backdrop of the snow-capped Annapurna mountain range, travellers fall for the city’s many charms while visiting temples, shopping in traditional bazaars and boating on Phewa Lake.
Pilgrimage to Buddha’s birthplace
The birthplace of Gautama Buddha, Lumbini is arguably the most important pilgrimage site in the world for practicing Buddhists. This spiritual site is not just a draw for religious devotees; the shimmering, golden temples and pristine grounds attract many tourists too.
Raft the Marsyangdi River
With its mountainous terrain, Nepal's crashing rivers offer world-class rafting conditions. From the swirling challenges of the Marsyangdi River, to the scenic Trisuli River, thrash it out on the country's exhilarating waterways for an extra-special experience.
Relax in Namche Bazaar
Clinging to the side of the Himalayas, the hillside town of Namche Bazaar is a hub for those exploring the Everest region. Bakeries and pool houses treat those who have walked from Lukla, and wifi accessible spots can comfort those missing home.
Scout for souvenirs
Peruse Tibetan handicrafts and artefacts at the hugely impressive Bodnath Stupa, a centre of Tibetan exile culture, just a short ride from central Kathmandu. Alternatively, visit the lively bazaar in the hill town of Gorkha – the ancestral home of the Shah Dynasty and residence of the original Gurkha soldiers.
Spot temples in Kathmandu
Buddhist and Hindu temples abound in Kathmandu. The most famous of which can be found in Durbar Square, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in the heart of Kathmandu. Also on UNESCO’s list is Pashupatinath, the oldest Hindu temple in the capital, which nestles on the banks of the Bagmati River and boasts beautiful gardens. For the best views in Kathmandu, climb the epic stairway at Swayambhunath Stupa (also known as Monkey Temple), which offers sweeping panoramas and playful primates.
Take part in a festival
Nepal's calendar is packed with all manner of festivals. Highlights include Holi, a spring festival where paint is thrown over all and sundry; Tibetan New Year; the light festival of Tihar; and Dashain, the longest and liveliest festival on the calendar. Check our calendar to see when exact dates fall.
Try traditional yoga
Feel the stresses and strains of daily life ebb away from you at one of the many yoga retreats in Nepal. Kathmandu, Lumbini and Pokhara offer various types of yoga, meditation and traditional herbal treatments for ailments. The Pranamaya Yoga community runs daily classes in Kathmandu and Pokhara (www.pranamaya-yoga.com).
Veer off the beaten path at Annapurna
The trail to Everest Base Camp is a well-trodden one, so if you don’t want to jostle for space with fellow hikers try the Annapurna Circuit. It’s slightly quieter and offers epic mountain vistas. While accessible without a guide, inexperienced hikers are advised to seek assistance locally.
Visit artsy Patan
The city of Patan has long-standing artistic traditions and is renowned for its beautifully crafted, artisanal goods. It is also a place of unremitting beauty where UNESCO listed landmarks meet opulent palaces and art galleries. Its most impressive landmarks include Patan Durbar Square, Krishna Mandir, the Royal Bath, Kumbheshwor Temple and the Golden Temple.
Tourist offices
Nepal Tourism Board
PO Box 11018, Bhrikuti Mandap, Kathmandu, Nepal
Tel: (1) 422 5709.
www.tourism.gov.np
Things to see and do
Float on Phewa Lake
After a mighty trek up the Himalayas – or a night on the local beers – take a well-earned rest on the limpid waters of Phewa Tal in Pokhara. Either rent a rowing boat or hire a captain to do the hard work for you. If possible, row out to Barahi Mandir, a temple perched on an island in the middle of the lake.
Go on safari at Chitwan National Park
Nepal's oldest national park, Chitwan is home to endangered Bengal tigers, one-horned rhinos and mugger crocodiles, not to mention numerous bird species. Visitors can explore the park on elephants or in a safari vehicle. It’s also possible to spend the night in watch-towers, listening to the roar of the jungle.
Go underground at Siddha Gufa
At 437m deep, Siddha Gufa is the largest cave in Nepal and features spectacular stalactites, stalagmites and a myriad of otherworldly rock formations. Located just outside the village of Bandipur, the cave can be accessed by bus from Pokhara.
Marvel at Mount Everest
The tallest mountain in the world, Mount Everest is the ultimate test of physical endurance for climbers and hikers. However, if you can’t make it to the summit or even base camp, you can view this peak in all its glory from the window of a plane. Most domestic airlines offer scenic flights, which are available from Pokhara and other locations.
Paraglide over Pokhara
Pokhara has been dubbed as one of the top places to paraglide in the world. Unique geothermal patterns and stunning landscapes make this lakeside destination popular for international thrill seekers. Several companies offer flight instruction and transport to and from the landing site including Blue Sky (www.blue-sky-paragliding.com) and Fly Nepal (flynepalparagliding.com.np).
Party in Thamel
Once you’ve finished sightseeing in Kathmandu, have a well-earned beer in the lively Thamel district of the city. Packed with bars, clubs and restaurants, you won’t struggle to find a glass of the local brew in these parts. As well as pints of Khukuri, you will also find local cuisine, fellow travellers and loud music.
Photograph Pokhara
Described as the ‘jewel of Himalaya,’ Pokhara is a lakeside city of extraordinary beauty. Set to the backdrop of the snow-capped Annapurna mountain range, travellers fall for the city’s many charms while visiting temples, shopping in traditional bazaars and boating on Phewa Lake.
Pilgrimage to Buddha’s birthplace
The birthplace of Gautama Buddha, Lumbini is arguably the most important pilgrimage site in the world for practicing Buddhists. This spiritual site is not just a draw for religious devotees; the shimmering, golden temples and pristine grounds attract many tourists too.
Raft the Marsyangdi River
With its mountainous terrain, Nepal's crashing rivers offer world-class rafting conditions. From the swirling challenges of the Marsyangdi River, to the scenic Trisuli River, thrash it out on the country's exhilarating waterways for an extra-special experience.
Relax in Namche Bazaar
Clinging to the side of the Himalayas, the hillside town of Namche Bazaar is a hub for those exploring the Everest region. Bakeries and pool houses treat those who have walked from Lukla, and wifi accessible spots can comfort those missing home.
Scout for souvenirs
Peruse Tibetan handicrafts and artefacts at the hugely impressive Bodnath Stupa, a centre of Tibetan exile culture, just a short ride from central Kathmandu. Alternatively, visit the lively bazaar in the hill town of Gorkha – the ancestral home of the Shah Dynasty and residence of the original Gurkha soldiers.
Spot temples in Kathmandu
Buddhist and Hindu temples abound in Kathmandu. The most famous of which can be found in Durbar Square, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in the heart of Kathmandu. Also on UNESCO’s list is Pashupatinath, the oldest Hindu temple in the capital, which nestles on the banks of the Bagmati River and boasts beautiful gardens. For the best views in Kathmandu, climb the epic stairway at Swayambhunath Stupa (also known as Monkey Temple), which offers sweeping panoramas and playful primates.
Take part in a festival
Nepal's calendar is packed with all manner of festivals. Highlights include Holi, a spring festival where paint is thrown over all and sundry; Tibetan New Year; the light festival of Tihar; and Dashain, the longest and liveliest festival on the calendar. Check our calendar to see when exact dates fall.
Try traditional yoga
Feel the stresses and strains of daily life ebb away from you at one of the many yoga retreats in Nepal. Kathmandu, Lumbini and Pokhara offer various types of yoga, meditation and traditional herbal treatments for ailments. The Pranamaya Yoga community runs daily classes in Kathmandu and Pokhara (www.pranamaya-yoga.com).
Veer off the beaten path at Annapurna
The trail to Everest Base Camp is a well-trodden one, so if you don’t want to jostle for space with fellow hikers try the Annapurna Circuit. It’s slightly quieter and offers epic mountain vistas. While accessible without a guide, inexperienced hikers are advised to seek assistance locally.
Visit artsy Patan
The city of Patan has long-standing artistic traditions and is renowned for its beautifully crafted, artisanal goods. It is also a place of unremitting beauty where UNESCO listed landmarks meet opulent palaces and art galleries. Its most impressive landmarks include Patan Durbar Square, Krishna Mandir, the Royal Bath, Kumbheshwor Temple and the Golden Temple.
Money and Banking in Nepal
Money & duty free for Nepal
Currency information:
Nepalese Rupee (NPR; symbol Rs) = 100 paisa. Notes are in denominations of Rs1,000, 500, 100, 50, 20, 10, 5, 2 and 1. Coins are in denominations of 50, 25 and 10 paisa.
Note:(a) Visitors should bear in mind that foreign visitors other than Indian nationals are required to pay their airline tickets, trekking permits and hotel bills in foreign currency. (b) Taking Nepalese currency outside the country is prohibited.
Credit cards:
American Express is widely accepted, with MasterCard and Visa in tourist shops, hotels, restaurants and agencies. ATMs are widely available in Nepal, however, it is not possible to withdraw cash in the mountains. Those embarking on treks should take enough cash for the duration of their trek.
ATM:
American Express is widely accepted, with MasterCard and Visa in tourist shops, hotels, restaurants and agencies. ATMs are widely available in Nepal, however, it is not possible to withdraw cash in the mountains. Those embarking on treks should take enough cash for the duration of their trek.
Travellers cheques:
Travellers cheques are accepted at banks and major hotels. If trekking, it is important to bear in mind that cash is necessary. To avoid additional exchange rate charges, travellers are advised to take traveller's cheques in US Dollars or Pounds Sterling.
Banking hours:
Banks in the Kathmandu valley are open Sun-Fri 0900-1530 and Fri 0900-1300. Licensed money changers are open 12 hours per day.
Currency restriction:
The import of US$5,000 or more, or the equivalent amount in any other currency, must be declared on arrival. The export of local and foreign currency must be declared.
Currency exchange:
It is illegal to exchange currency with persons other than authorised dealers in foreign exchange (banks, hotels and licensed money changers). Visitors should obtain Foreign Exchange Encashment Receipts when changing currency and keep them, as these will help in many transactions, including getting visa extensions and trekking permits.
Nepal duty free
The following goods may be imported into Nepal by foreign visitors without incurring customs duty:
• 200 cigarettes and 50 cigars and 50g of tobacco.
• 1.15L of spirits or wine and 12 cans of beer.
• Medicine not exceeding Rs1,000.
• Fruits or canned food not exceeding Rs1,000 each.
All baggage must be declared on arrival and departure. Certain goods including cameras, videos and electronic goods may only be imported duty-free if they are exported on departure. They may not be left in Nepal.
Banned imports:
Prohibited items include narcotics, beef and plastic bags less than 20 microns thick.
Restricted items include firearms and ammunition, radio equipment and poppy seeds.
Banned exports:
Goods of historical, archaeological or religious importance, wild fauna, narcotics, firearms and ammunition, and certain herbs and woods.
Currency information:
Nepalese Rupee (NPR; symbol Rs) = 100 paisa. Notes are in denominations of Rs1,000, 500, 100, 50, 20, 10, 5, 2 and 1. Coins are in denominations of 50, 25 and 10 paisa.
Note:(a) Visitors should bear in mind that foreign visitors other than Indian nationals are required to pay their airline tickets, trekking permits and hotel bills in foreign currency. (b) Taking Nepalese currency outside the country is prohibited.
Credit cards:
American Express is widely accepted, with MasterCard and Visa in tourist shops, hotels, restaurants and agencies. ATMs are widely available in Nepal, however, it is not possible to withdraw cash in the mountains. Those embarking on treks should take enough cash for the duration of their trek.
ATM:
American Express is widely accepted, with MasterCard and Visa in tourist shops, hotels, restaurants and agencies. ATMs are widely available in Nepal, however, it is not possible to withdraw cash in the mountains. Those embarking on treks should take enough cash for the duration of their trek.
Travellers cheques:
Travellers cheques are accepted at banks and major hotels. If trekking, it is important to bear in mind that cash is necessary. To avoid additional exchange rate charges, travellers are advised to take traveller's cheques in US Dollars or Pounds Sterling.
Banking hours:
Banks in the Kathmandu valley are open Sun-Fri 0900-1530 and Fri 0900-1300. Licensed money changers are open 12 hours per day.
Currency restriction:
The import of US$5,000 or more, or the equivalent amount in any other currency, must be declared on arrival. The export of local and foreign currency must be declared.
Currency exchange:
It is illegal to exchange currency with persons other than authorised dealers in foreign exchange (banks, hotels and licensed money changers). Visitors should obtain Foreign Exchange Encashment Receipts when changing currency and keep them, as these will help in many transactions, including getting visa extensions and trekking permits.
Nepal duty free
The following goods may be imported into Nepal by foreign visitors without incurring customs duty:
• 200 cigarettes and 50 cigars and 50g of tobacco.
• 1.15L of spirits or wine and 12 cans of beer.
• Medicine not exceeding Rs1,000.
• Fruits or canned food not exceeding Rs1,000 each.
All baggage must be declared on arrival and departure. Certain goods including cameras, videos and electronic goods may only be imported duty-free if they are exported on departure. They may not be left in Nepal.
Banned imports:
Prohibited items include narcotics, beef and plastic bags less than 20 microns thick.
Restricted items include firearms and ammunition, radio equipment and poppy seeds.
Banned exports:
Goods of historical, archaeological or religious importance, wild fauna, narcotics, firearms and ammunition, and certain herbs and woods.
Useful Health Guide for Travel in Nepal
The most convenient hospital for visitor care is Patan Hospital in Lagankhel. Other hospitals include the Western Regional Hospital and the Manipal Hospital in Pokhara and the Mission Hospital in Tansen. Pharmacies in Kathmandu offer a wide range of Western drugs at low prices. In Kathmandu, you can get certain vaccinations free at the Infectious Diseases Clinic. Full medical insurance is essential.
Food and drink:
All water should be regarded as potentially contaminated. Water used for drinking, brushing teeth or making ice should have first been boiled or sterilised. Milk is unpasteurised and should be boiled. Powdered or tinned milk is available and advised. Avoid dairy products likely to have been made from unboiled milk. Only eat well-cooked meat and fish. Vegetables should be cooked and fruit peeled.
Other risks:
Vaccinations against Japanese B encephalitis, meningococcal meningitis, tuberculosis and hepatitis B are sometimes recommended. Altitude sickness is a hazard for trekkers – it is important to gain altitude gradually and come down to a lower altitude immediately if experiencing headaches, nausea or dizziness. Obtain further advice from the Himalayan Rescue Association. It is advisable, particularly when in rural areas, to carry a medical kit.
Useful Health Guide for Travel in Nepal
Health care services in Kathmandu Valley are sound. All kinds of medicines, including those imported from overseas are available in Kathmandu. Kathmandu Valley also offers the services of major general hospitals and private clinics. Health posts have been set up by the Government in different parts of rural Nepal. For major health crisis or emergency, one may have to be evacuated to Kathmandu.
Useful Tips Travel in Nepal:
- A travel insurance policy that covers medical treatment is recommended for all tourists.
- Similarly, we recommend you to make sure that the insurance covers activities such as trekking, rafting etc. that you will be undertaking during your stay in Nepal
- Getting special vaccinations are not necessary when visiting Nepal.
- We still recommend that you consult with your physician regarding special immunizing against any tropical disease.
- It may be a good idea to get a complete check up before departure.
- We recommend that you undertake training programs to be physically fit if you plan to go high-altitude trekking or mountaineering when you’re visiting Nepal.
- Please read up on altitude sickness (AMS), diarrhea, Giardia, Dysentry, Cholera, Hepatitis, Rabies, Typhoid, Tetanus, Meningitis, Diptheria, Malaria and HIV/ AIDS. Information and little precautions can often save lives.
- Please make sure that food is thoroughly cooked and served hot when eating out.
- Please make sure that salads and fruits are washed with purified water or peeled when eating out.
- Beware of food that has been kept out in the open for long.
- Always make sure that your water is clean by opting for boiled and then cooled water, treated water or sealed water from reputed brand.
- Always carry a bottle of water when trekking or venturing off away from the city/ town.
- Do not walk bare feet on damp mud and grass in unknown areas.
- Please do not swim in lakes and water bodies, especially where depth and vegetation are not known.
- Always carry and use mosquito repellant when in Terai region or during summers.
- Please have a handy medical first aid kit ready for any situation.
Medical Kit:
A simple but adequate medical kit can be very useful while traveling. The following items are recommended: Aspirin of Panadol, for pain or fever; Antihistamine, as a decongestant for colds, allergies and to help prevent motion sickness; Antibiotics, useful if traveling off beaten track but they must be prescribed; Kaolin preparation (Pepto-Bismol), Imodium or Lomotil, for upset stomach; Rehydration mixture – for treatment of severe diarrhea; Antiseptic, mercurochrome and antibiotic powder or similar dry spray- for cuts and grazes.
Other things to be included are: Calamine lotion to ease irritation from bites or stings; bandages and band aids for minor injuries; scissors, tweezers, thermometer, insect repellent, sun block lotions, chopsticks, water purification tablets, throat lozenges, moleskin, Sulamyd 10 percent eye drops, paracetamol and antacid tablets.
Visa and Passport in Nepal
Nepal Visa and Passport Requirements
Passports:
To enter Nepal, a passport valid for the duration of stay is required by nationals referred to in the chart above.
Visas:
Visas for Nepal are required by all nationals referred to in the chart above.
Visa note:
All nationals referred to in the chart above may obtain tourist visas on arrival at the airport. You must pay in cash.
Business can be conducted on a tourist visa for up to 30 days.
Nationals not referred to in the chart are advised to contact the embassy to check visa requirements for Nepal.
Types and cost:
Tourist visa on arrival: US$25 (15 days); US$40 (30 days); US$100 (90 days).
Multiple-entry tourist visa in advance: £20 (15 days); £35 (30 days); £75 (90 days).
Validity:
Visas are valid for 15, 30 or 90 days. Visas obtained from the embassy must be used within six months of the date of issue.
Application to:
Consulate (or consular section at embassy). Visas can also be obtained on arrival from the immigration authorities at all entry points (with fees payable in US Dollars) provided travellers are in possession of valid travel documents, two passport photos and the relevant fee. Applications for business visas must be made to the Department of Immigration.
Note that certain nationals not listed in the chart must obtain a visa in advance and cannot obtain a visa on arrival.
Working days:
Minimum 24 hours if applying in person; two weeks if applying by post.
Extension of stay:
You can extend tourist visas at the Department of Immigration and Pokhara Immigration Office for a total of 120 days. An additional 30-day visa may be granted on reasonable grounds from the department. Over the course of a calendar year, a tourist cannot stay in Nepal for more than 150 days altogether.
Embassies and tourist offices
The British Embassy in Nepal
Telephone: (1) 441 0583.
Website: http://www.gov.uk/government/world/nepal
Opening times: Mon-Thurs 0815-1230 and 1330-1700; Fri 0815-1315.
Embassy of Nepal in the UK
Telephone: (020) 7229 1594.
Website: http://www.nepembassy.org.uk
Opening times: Mon-Fri 1000-1200 (visa section).
Embassy of Nepal in the USA
Telephone: (202) 667 4550.
Website: http://www.nepalembassyusa.org
Opening times: Mon-Fri 1000-1200 (visa section).
Passports:
To enter Nepal, a passport valid for the duration of stay is required by nationals referred to in the chart above.
Visas:
Visas for Nepal are required by all nationals referred to in the chart above.
Visa note:
All nationals referred to in the chart above may obtain tourist visas on arrival at the airport. You must pay in cash.
Business can be conducted on a tourist visa for up to 30 days.
Nationals not referred to in the chart are advised to contact the embassy to check visa requirements for Nepal.
Types and cost:
Tourist visa on arrival: US$25 (15 days); US$40 (30 days); US$100 (90 days).
Multiple-entry tourist visa in advance: £20 (15 days); £35 (30 days); £75 (90 days).
Validity:
Visas are valid for 15, 30 or 90 days. Visas obtained from the embassy must be used within six months of the date of issue.
Application to:
Consulate (or consular section at embassy). Visas can also be obtained on arrival from the immigration authorities at all entry points (with fees payable in US Dollars) provided travellers are in possession of valid travel documents, two passport photos and the relevant fee. Applications for business visas must be made to the Department of Immigration.
Note that certain nationals not listed in the chart must obtain a visa in advance and cannot obtain a visa on arrival.
Working days:
Minimum 24 hours if applying in person; two weeks if applying by post.
Extension of stay:
You can extend tourist visas at the Department of Immigration and Pokhara Immigration Office for a total of 120 days. An additional 30-day visa may be granted on reasonable grounds from the department. Over the course of a calendar year, a tourist cannot stay in Nepal for more than 150 days altogether.
Embassies and tourist offices
The British Embassy in Nepal
Telephone: (1) 441 0583.
Website: http://www.gov.uk/government/world/nepal
Opening times: Mon-Thurs 0815-1230 and 1330-1700; Fri 0815-1315.
Embassy of Nepal in the UK
Telephone: (020) 7229 1594.
Website: http://www.nepembassy.org.uk
Opening times: Mon-Fri 1000-1200 (visa section).
Embassy of Nepal in the USA
Telephone: (202) 667 4550.
Website: http://www.nepalembassyusa.org
Opening times: Mon-Fri 1000-1200 (visa section).
Accommodation in Nepal
Accommodation in Nepal
Hotels/Guesthouse in Nepal
Where to stay in Nepal
Nepal has every category of accommodation facilities that range from international standard star hotels to budget hotels and lodges. To ensure quality service, it is advisable to use the facilities and services of Government registered hotels, lodges and homestays. Most hotels offer a choice: bed and breakfast; bed, breakfast and one other meal; or room and full board. During spring and fall, hotels work at near full capacity and are booked well in advance. Therefore, it would be a good idea to check well in advance and book hotels as per need if traveling to Nepal in the peak season.Moderate accommodation facilities are also available in some parts of Kathmandu like Thamel. In such cases, room rates may not include toilets and showers, unless otherwise indicated. Toilets and showers in such cases are generally communal and heating may require additional charges. Such small hostelries are preferred by budget tourists and FITs. Accommodation facilities are available in the mountain tourist areas. While trekking to some areas tenting may be the only alternative if resident villages are scanty and long way off trekking routes. However, most trekking routes have lodges or tea houses to accommodate tourists. Still to be on the safer side, we recommend that tourists look up on such information before embarking on their journey.For accommodation in rural areas, please contact the local homestay authorities.
Hotels:
Kathmandu has an ever expanding selection of international hotels. During peak trekking season (spring and autumn) these get particularly busy, so it is advisable to book well in advance. Comfortable hotels and inexpensive guest houses can also be found in Pokhara, and around the Royal Chitwan National Park in the Terai.
Note: A government tax is added to bills, which varies according to the standard of the hotel.
Other accommodation:
Besides the officially recognised hotels, there are a number of lodges and hostels. In Kathmandu, these are located in the old part of the town, in the streets around the Durbar Square and in the Thamel district. Lodges are available outside the main towns, and provide suitable accommodation for mountaineers and trekkers.
Hotels/Guesthouse in Nepal
Where to stay in Nepal
Nepal has every category of accommodation facilities that range from international standard star hotels to budget hotels and lodges. To ensure quality service, it is advisable to use the facilities and services of Government registered hotels, lodges and homestays. Most hotels offer a choice: bed and breakfast; bed, breakfast and one other meal; or room and full board. During spring and fall, hotels work at near full capacity and are booked well in advance. Therefore, it would be a good idea to check well in advance and book hotels as per need if traveling to Nepal in the peak season.Moderate accommodation facilities are also available in some parts of Kathmandu like Thamel. In such cases, room rates may not include toilets and showers, unless otherwise indicated. Toilets and showers in such cases are generally communal and heating may require additional charges. Such small hostelries are preferred by budget tourists and FITs. Accommodation facilities are available in the mountain tourist areas. While trekking to some areas tenting may be the only alternative if resident villages are scanty and long way off trekking routes. However, most trekking routes have lodges or tea houses to accommodate tourists. Still to be on the safer side, we recommend that tourists look up on such information before embarking on their journey.For accommodation in rural areas, please contact the local homestay authorities.
Hotels:
Kathmandu has an ever expanding selection of international hotels. During peak trekking season (spring and autumn) these get particularly busy, so it is advisable to book well in advance. Comfortable hotels and inexpensive guest houses can also be found in Pokhara, and around the Royal Chitwan National Park in the Terai.
Note: A government tax is added to bills, which varies according to the standard of the hotel.
Other accommodation:
Besides the officially recognised hotels, there are a number of lodges and hostels. In Kathmandu, these are located in the old part of the town, in the streets around the Durbar Square and in the Thamel district. Lodges are available outside the main towns, and provide suitable accommodation for mountaineers and trekkers.
International flight Connection of Nepal
Flight to/from Nepal
Air Connection
International flight Connection of Nepal:
Nepal Airlines is the national flag carrier of Nepal with flights to/ from Delhi, Kuala Lumpur, Dubai, Bangkok, Doha and Hong Kong. Other International airlines operating from and to Kathmandu are Air Arabia (Sharjah), Air Asia (Kuala Lumpur), Air China (Lhasa, Chengdu), Biman Bangladesh (Dhaka), China Eastern Airlines (Kunming), China Southern Airlines (Guangzhou), Dragon Air (Hong Kong), Druk Air (Delhi, Paro), Etihad Airways (Abu Dhabi), Flydubai (Dubai), GMG Airlines (Dhaka), Indian Airlines (Delhi, Kolkata, Varanasi), Indigo Airlines (Delhi), Jet Airways (Delhi, Mumbai), Jet Lite (Delhi), Korean Air (Seoul), Malaysian Airlines (Kuala Lumpur), Pakistan International Airlines (Karachi, Islamabad), Qatar Airways (Doha), RAK Air (Ras al- Khaimah), Silk Air (Singapore), Spicejet (Delhi), Thai Airways (Bangkok)and United Airways (Dhaka).Domestic
Connection:
Nepal Airlines has an extensive network of air services to major parts of the country. Besides Nepal Airlines, other domestic airlines (there are more than 18 in operation) provide regular and charter services to popular domestic destinations. Many domestic airlines operate early morning, one-hour mountain flights round the year.Airport Tax:Airport tax is already included in the international air ticket, therefore, passengers departing for international destinations from the Tribhuvan International Airport in Kathmandu do not need to pay airport tax at the airport during departure. However, for domestic travel within Nepal airport tax is included in ticket fare for flights from Kathmandu, while for flights from other parts of the country one has to pay airport tax at the domestic airport before departure.
Flying to Nepal
Tribhuvan International Airport in Kathmandu is the only international airport in Nepal. Approximately 30 airlines link it with destinations throughout Europe, Asia and the Middle East including Qatar Airways (www.qatarairways.com), Turkish Airlines (www.turkishairlines.com) and Nepal Airlines (www.nepalairlines.com.np).
The peak seasons for travelling in Nepal are from September to November and March to May. Flights to Kathmandu are most expensive during these times. To keep costs down, travel on the edge of these seasons and book in advance.
Flight times:
There are no direct flights to Nepal from the UK, USA or Australia. When flying to Kathmandu, passengers should allow at least 12 hours from London, 24 hours from New York and 17 hours from Melbourne (including layovers).
Air passes:
The Asia Airpass by Star Alliance enables passengers to create flexible, multi-flight itineraries on just one ticket. Kathmandu is one of the destinations available.
Departure tax:
All taxes are included in ticket prices for international flights.
Airport guides
Kathmandu Tribhuvan International Airport
Airport Code: KTM. Location: Kathmandu Tribhuvan International Airport is located 6 km (4 miles) east of Kathmandu. Money: There are several banks offering bureau de change facilities; one can be found in Departures and...
Read more
Travel by rail
It is not possible to travel from China or India and into Nepal by train. However, Indian Railways (www.indianrail.gov.in) run passenger trains to Gorakhpur, which is near the Bhairahwa border. Cycle-rickshaws and taxis are available there for onward journeys.
There are plans to construct railway lines between Nepal and India, and Nepal and China.
Rail passes:
It is not possible to travel through Nepal by train.
Driving to Nepal
There are seven designated entry points to Nepal by road; six in India (Kakadvitta, Birgunj, Bhairahawa, Nepalgunj, Dhangadi and Mahendranagar) and one on the China/Tibet border (Kodari).
As a general rule, border towns don’t provide much in the way of sightseeing and accommodation; get in and get moving. You can purchase visas at Kakadvitta, Birgunj, Bhairahawa, Nepalgunj, Gaddachowki, and Kodari providing you have cash and a passport-sized photo.
By road note:
Tourists entering the country in vehicles must have an international carnet and an international driving license. Be advised that strikes – known locally as bandas – frequently bring Nepal to a grinding halt. During these strikes the roads close, so keep an eye on the news before you travel.
Border offices at the India-Nepal border have fixed hours (0600 to 2200). These hours are not always reliable, and long lines can form. While you may be able to find immigration officers who will let you in, don’t count on it. Many tourist and local buses arrive early to secure their spot in line and move through inspection as quickly as possible.
Getting to Nepal by boat
Nepal is a landlocked country and not accessible by water.
Air Connection
International flight Connection of Nepal:
Nepal Airlines is the national flag carrier of Nepal with flights to/ from Delhi, Kuala Lumpur, Dubai, Bangkok, Doha and Hong Kong. Other International airlines operating from and to Kathmandu are Air Arabia (Sharjah), Air Asia (Kuala Lumpur), Air China (Lhasa, Chengdu), Biman Bangladesh (Dhaka), China Eastern Airlines (Kunming), China Southern Airlines (Guangzhou), Dragon Air (Hong Kong), Druk Air (Delhi, Paro), Etihad Airways (Abu Dhabi), Flydubai (Dubai), GMG Airlines (Dhaka), Indian Airlines (Delhi, Kolkata, Varanasi), Indigo Airlines (Delhi), Jet Airways (Delhi, Mumbai), Jet Lite (Delhi), Korean Air (Seoul), Malaysian Airlines (Kuala Lumpur), Pakistan International Airlines (Karachi, Islamabad), Qatar Airways (Doha), RAK Air (Ras al- Khaimah), Silk Air (Singapore), Spicejet (Delhi), Thai Airways (Bangkok)and United Airways (Dhaka).Domestic
Connection:
Nepal Airlines has an extensive network of air services to major parts of the country. Besides Nepal Airlines, other domestic airlines (there are more than 18 in operation) provide regular and charter services to popular domestic destinations. Many domestic airlines operate early morning, one-hour mountain flights round the year.Airport Tax:Airport tax is already included in the international air ticket, therefore, passengers departing for international destinations from the Tribhuvan International Airport in Kathmandu do not need to pay airport tax at the airport during departure. However, for domestic travel within Nepal airport tax is included in ticket fare for flights from Kathmandu, while for flights from other parts of the country one has to pay airport tax at the domestic airport before departure.
Flying to Nepal
Tribhuvan International Airport in Kathmandu is the only international airport in Nepal. Approximately 30 airlines link it with destinations throughout Europe, Asia and the Middle East including Qatar Airways (www.qatarairways.com), Turkish Airlines (www.turkishairlines.com) and Nepal Airlines (www.nepalairlines.com.np).
The peak seasons for travelling in Nepal are from September to November and March to May. Flights to Kathmandu are most expensive during these times. To keep costs down, travel on the edge of these seasons and book in advance.
Flight times:
There are no direct flights to Nepal from the UK, USA or Australia. When flying to Kathmandu, passengers should allow at least 12 hours from London, 24 hours from New York and 17 hours from Melbourne (including layovers).
Air passes:
The Asia Airpass by Star Alliance enables passengers to create flexible, multi-flight itineraries on just one ticket. Kathmandu is one of the destinations available.
Departure tax:
All taxes are included in ticket prices for international flights.
Airport guides
Kathmandu Tribhuvan International Airport
Airport Code: KTM. Location: Kathmandu Tribhuvan International Airport is located 6 km (4 miles) east of Kathmandu. Money: There are several banks offering bureau de change facilities; one can be found in Departures and...
Read more
Travel by rail
It is not possible to travel from China or India and into Nepal by train. However, Indian Railways (www.indianrail.gov.in) run passenger trains to Gorakhpur, which is near the Bhairahwa border. Cycle-rickshaws and taxis are available there for onward journeys.
There are plans to construct railway lines between Nepal and India, and Nepal and China.
Rail passes:
It is not possible to travel through Nepal by train.
Driving to Nepal
There are seven designated entry points to Nepal by road; six in India (Kakadvitta, Birgunj, Bhairahawa, Nepalgunj, Dhangadi and Mahendranagar) and one on the China/Tibet border (Kodari).
As a general rule, border towns don’t provide much in the way of sightseeing and accommodation; get in and get moving. You can purchase visas at Kakadvitta, Birgunj, Bhairahawa, Nepalgunj, Gaddachowki, and Kodari providing you have cash and a passport-sized photo.
By road note:
Tourists entering the country in vehicles must have an international carnet and an international driving license. Be advised that strikes – known locally as bandas – frequently bring Nepal to a grinding halt. During these strikes the roads close, so keep an eye on the news before you travel.
Border offices at the India-Nepal border have fixed hours (0600 to 2200). These hours are not always reliable, and long lines can form. While you may be able to find immigration officers who will let you in, don’t count on it. Many tourist and local buses arrive early to secure their spot in line and move through inspection as quickly as possible.
Getting to Nepal by boat
Nepal is a landlocked country and not accessible by water.
Economy and business of Nepal
Nepal: Doing business & staying in touch
Doing business in Nepal
When conducting business in Nepal, you may be welcomed with a traditional pranāmāsana greeting. This gesture is made by pressing both palms together in front of your chest (fingers pointing upwards), bowing and saying ‘Namaste’. It is custom to reciprocate this introduction. Handshaking has crept into Nepali business life, but try to refrain from giving too firm a handshake, which might seem aggressive. Sometimes Nepali people shake with both hands.
When attending business meetings in Nepal, a suit and tie is recommended. Temperatures are more moderate in Kathmandu than other parts of the country, but it can get hot and stuffy in the summer and cold in the winter so dress accordingly.
A little bit of politeness goes a long way when you’re doing business in Nepal and it can be helpful to learn a few key phrases before heading into meetings. Elders are always shown the utmost respect, so bear this in mind.
Nepal is open for business six days a week – offices are generally open 1000 to 1700 Sunday through Friday. These hours can be affected by blackouts, which are a regular feature in Nepal. Most blackouts are planned in advance to help the country save power. Newspapers report anticipated outages and apps can be downloaded to review schedules.
Office hours:
Typically Sun-Fri 0900-1700.
Economy:
Nepal is one of the world's least developed countries and its economy is largely supported by tourism, agriculture and the service industry. Foreign aid continues to push development forward, but the country has a large external debt.
An estimated 70% of the working population finds employment in agriculture and forestry, while approximately 10% work in tourism. With the global economy picking up and more Chinese people travelling, the tourism industry in Nepal – which has eight of the ten largest mountains in the world – has huge potential.
Neighbouring India plays a major role in the economy and agreements have been signed with several other governments, including China. The UN Commission on Human Rights has conducted several assessments on Nepal, reporting gradual improvements in infrastructure and health.
GDP:
US$19.4 billion (2012)
Main exports:
Clothing, carpet, leather, jute goods, workers
Main imports:
Gold, machinery, petroleum products and fertilizer
Main trading partners:
India, Japan, China, EU, UK
Keeping in Touch in Nepal
Mobile phone:
Roaming agreements exist with some international mobile phone companies. Coverage is sporadic and variable.
Internet:
There are Internet cafes in Kathmandu, Patan and Pokhara – many with high-speed broadband links. Internet services are also provided by hotels.
Post:
Postal services are available in most centres. Make sure letters are hand-cancelled at the post office (post boxes should not be used for important communications).
Post office hours:
The general post office in Kathmandu (near the Dharahara Tower) is open Mon-Fri 1000-1700. Main hotels will also handle post.
Media:
English-language newspapers available in Nepal include The Himalayan Times, The Kathmandu Post, Rising Nepal and The Nepali Times. Other dailies include Kantipur and Annapurna Post. The International Herald Tribune, Newsweek and Time can all be found in Kathmandu.
Doing business in Nepal
When conducting business in Nepal, you may be welcomed with a traditional pranāmāsana greeting. This gesture is made by pressing both palms together in front of your chest (fingers pointing upwards), bowing and saying ‘Namaste’. It is custom to reciprocate this introduction. Handshaking has crept into Nepali business life, but try to refrain from giving too firm a handshake, which might seem aggressive. Sometimes Nepali people shake with both hands.
When attending business meetings in Nepal, a suit and tie is recommended. Temperatures are more moderate in Kathmandu than other parts of the country, but it can get hot and stuffy in the summer and cold in the winter so dress accordingly.
A little bit of politeness goes a long way when you’re doing business in Nepal and it can be helpful to learn a few key phrases before heading into meetings. Elders are always shown the utmost respect, so bear this in mind.
Nepal is open for business six days a week – offices are generally open 1000 to 1700 Sunday through Friday. These hours can be affected by blackouts, which are a regular feature in Nepal. Most blackouts are planned in advance to help the country save power. Newspapers report anticipated outages and apps can be downloaded to review schedules.
Office hours:
Typically Sun-Fri 0900-1700.
Economy:
Nepal is one of the world's least developed countries and its economy is largely supported by tourism, agriculture and the service industry. Foreign aid continues to push development forward, but the country has a large external debt.
An estimated 70% of the working population finds employment in agriculture and forestry, while approximately 10% work in tourism. With the global economy picking up and more Chinese people travelling, the tourism industry in Nepal – which has eight of the ten largest mountains in the world – has huge potential.
Neighbouring India plays a major role in the economy and agreements have been signed with several other governments, including China. The UN Commission on Human Rights has conducted several assessments on Nepal, reporting gradual improvements in infrastructure and health.
GDP:
US$19.4 billion (2012)
Main exports:
Clothing, carpet, leather, jute goods, workers
Main imports:
Gold, machinery, petroleum products and fertilizer
Main trading partners:
India, Japan, China, EU, UK
Keeping in Touch in Nepal
Mobile phone:
Roaming agreements exist with some international mobile phone companies. Coverage is sporadic and variable.
Internet:
There are Internet cafes in Kathmandu, Patan and Pokhara – many with high-speed broadband links. Internet services are also provided by hotels.
Post:
Postal services are available in most centres. Make sure letters are hand-cancelled at the post office (post boxes should not be used for important communications).
Post office hours:
The general post office in Kathmandu (near the Dharahara Tower) is open Mon-Fri 1000-1700. Main hotels will also handle post.
Media:
English-language newspapers available in Nepal include The Himalayan Times, The Kathmandu Post, Rising Nepal and The Nepali Times. Other dailies include Kantipur and Annapurna Post. The International Herald Tribune, Newsweek and Time can all be found in Kathmandu.
Weather and climate in Nepal
Nepal Weather, climate and geography
Weather & climate
Best time to visit:
Monsoon season begins around the end of June and lasts until the middle of September. About 80% of Nepal's annual rainfall is during that period, so the remainder of the year is pretty dry. Spring and autumn are the most pleasant seasons; winter temperatures drop to freezing, with a high level of snowfall in the mountains, while high summer can be blisteringly hot. Summer and late spring temperatures range from 28ºC (83ºF) in the hill regions to more than 40ºC (104ºF) in the Terai.
In winter, average maximum and minimum temperatures in the Terai range from a brisk 7ºC (45ºF) to a mild 23ºC (74ºF). The central valleys experience a minimum temperature often falling bellow freezing point and a chilly 12ºC (54ºF) maximum. Much colder temperatures prevail at higher elevations. The Kathmandu Valley, at an altitude of 1,310m (4,297ft), has a mild climate, ranging from 19-27ºC (67-81ºF) in summer, and 2-20ºC (36-68ºF) in winter.
Required clothing:
Lightweight and tropical clothes with umbrella are advised for June to August. Between October and March, lightweight clothes are worn in Kathmandu, with a coat for evenings and warm clothing for the mountains. When trekking in the mountains, high quality trekking gear that can handle minus temperatures is recommended all year round.
Geography
Nepal is a landlocked kingdom sharing borders with Tibet to the north and India to the west, south and east. The country can be divided into six zones: the Terai, the Chure hills, the Mahabharat range, the Pahar zone, the Himalaya and the Trans-Himalaya.
The greater part of the country lies on the southern slope of the Himalayas, extending down from the highest peaks through hill country to the upper edge of the Ganges Plain. The hilly central area is crossed by the Lower Himalayas, where there are eight of the highest peaks in the world, leading up to Mount Everest. Wildlife in Nepal includes tigers, leopards, gaur, elephants, buffalo, deer and rhinos.
Weather & climate
Best time to visit:
Monsoon season begins around the end of June and lasts until the middle of September. About 80% of Nepal's annual rainfall is during that period, so the remainder of the year is pretty dry. Spring and autumn are the most pleasant seasons; winter temperatures drop to freezing, with a high level of snowfall in the mountains, while high summer can be blisteringly hot. Summer and late spring temperatures range from 28ºC (83ºF) in the hill regions to more than 40ºC (104ºF) in the Terai.
In winter, average maximum and minimum temperatures in the Terai range from a brisk 7ºC (45ºF) to a mild 23ºC (74ºF). The central valleys experience a minimum temperature often falling bellow freezing point and a chilly 12ºC (54ºF) maximum. Much colder temperatures prevail at higher elevations. The Kathmandu Valley, at an altitude of 1,310m (4,297ft), has a mild climate, ranging from 19-27ºC (67-81ºF) in summer, and 2-20ºC (36-68ºF) in winter.
Required clothing:
Lightweight and tropical clothes with umbrella are advised for June to August. Between October and March, lightweight clothes are worn in Kathmandu, with a coat for evenings and warm clothing for the mountains. When trekking in the mountains, high quality trekking gear that can handle minus temperatures is recommended all year round.
Geography
Nepal is a landlocked kingdom sharing borders with Tibet to the north and India to the west, south and east. The country can be divided into six zones: the Terai, the Chure hills, the Mahabharat range, the Pahar zone, the Himalaya and the Trans-Himalaya.
The greater part of the country lies on the southern slope of the Himalayas, extending down from the highest peaks through hill country to the upper edge of the Ganges Plain. The hilly central area is crossed by the Lower Himalayas, where there are eight of the highest peaks in the world, leading up to Mount Everest. Wildlife in Nepal includes tigers, leopards, gaur, elephants, buffalo, deer and rhinos.
History of Nepal
Nepal History, Language and Culture
History of Nepal
Nepal was established as a kingdom in 1768 by Prithvi Narayan Shah, who unified a group of neighbouring principalities in the Himalayas. An ambitious man, Shah attempted to expand into nearby Tibet, but his plan was thwarted by the Chinese during what became known as the Sino-Nepalese War (1788-1792).
Barely 20 years later and the country was fighting unsuccessfully again, this time with Britain over disputed borders with India. In losing the Anglo-Nepalese War (1814-1816), Nepal ceded a lot of territory and political power to Britain, whose presence in Nepal destabilised the country and helped Jang Bahadur Rana to power in 1848.
Under Rana’s rule, the monarchy was stripped of power and an undemocratic dynasty of hereditary prime ministers was established. This suited the British – who were well-respected by Rana – and in 1923 they granted Nepal independence.
However, rather than being liberated, Nepal slid into obscurity under Rana, leading to growing dissatisfaction within the country and, ultimately, a coup, in which his regime was overthrown in 1951.
With Rana gone, the monarchy was restored and the Nepalese Congress Party – comprised mainly of anti-Rana rebels – was installed in government. With Nepal back on the map, visitors returned, including New Zealander, Edmund Hillary, who became the first person to scale Mount Everest in 1953.
But by 1960 Nepal was once again thrown into turmoil; realising that a monarchy and democratic government were incompatible, King Mahendra dissolved parliament.
Bowing to growing disquiet, his successor, King Birendra, held a referendum in 1979 to decide the future of Nepali politics. However, its people voted, by a small minority, to maintain the status quo, which failed to placate critics. In 1990, once again, unrest forced the king’s hand and he agreed that a new democratic constitution was necessary.
The following year Nepal held its first democratic elections in 50 years. Yet the nineties were characterised by economic failure, which laid the foundations for the Nepalese Civil War. The armed conflict – between the Maoist Communist Party of Nepal and the beleaguered government – lasted a decade and reached its nadir in 2001, when a state of emergency was declared.
In the same year, Crown Prince Dipendra, heir to the throne, went on a drunken rampage, murdering the King and several family members before committing suicide.
Eventually, in 2006, a peace deal was signed, which brought the Maoists into mainstream politics and curtailed the power of the monarchy further (a year later, the monarchy was abolished).
Nepal has been largely peaceful since and Nepal’s most recent elections in 2013 – which are disputed by Maoists – show signs of forward momentum. But, politically speaking, there’s still a mountain to climb.
Nepal Culture
Religion:
Mainly Hindu (85%) and Buddhist (8%), with a small Muslim minority (4%).
Social conventions:
Be careful to respect local customs: Never step over the feet of a person - always walk round; never offer food and drink that you have tasted or bitten; never offer or accept anything with the left hand - use the right or both hands; it is rude to point at a person or statue with a finger (or even with a foot).
Often when people shake their head, it means 'yes'. Footwear should be removed when entering houses, especially kitchens and shrines. Do not stand in front of a person who is eating. Shaking hands is not a common form of greeting; instead, press the palms together in a prayer-like gesture (Namaste).
Casual-wear is suitable except for the most formal meetings or social occasions. However, bikinis, shorts, bare shoulders and backs may not be appreciated. Men only remove their shirts when bathing. Overt public displays of affection, especially near religious places, are inappropriate.
Seek permission before entering a temple, and do not take leather articles inside them.
Photography: Always ask permission first. In general, photography is allowed outside temples and at festivals, but not inside temples or at religious ceremonies; however, there is no hard and fast rule, and the only way to be sure of not giving offence is to ask first and accept the answer.
Language in Nepal
The official language is Nepali (spoken by 49%). There are many other languages, including Maithili and Bhojpuri. English is spoken in business circles and by people involved in the travel trade.
History of Nepal
Nepal was established as a kingdom in 1768 by Prithvi Narayan Shah, who unified a group of neighbouring principalities in the Himalayas. An ambitious man, Shah attempted to expand into nearby Tibet, but his plan was thwarted by the Chinese during what became known as the Sino-Nepalese War (1788-1792).
Barely 20 years later and the country was fighting unsuccessfully again, this time with Britain over disputed borders with India. In losing the Anglo-Nepalese War (1814-1816), Nepal ceded a lot of territory and political power to Britain, whose presence in Nepal destabilised the country and helped Jang Bahadur Rana to power in 1848.
Under Rana’s rule, the monarchy was stripped of power and an undemocratic dynasty of hereditary prime ministers was established. This suited the British – who were well-respected by Rana – and in 1923 they granted Nepal independence.
However, rather than being liberated, Nepal slid into obscurity under Rana, leading to growing dissatisfaction within the country and, ultimately, a coup, in which his regime was overthrown in 1951.
With Rana gone, the monarchy was restored and the Nepalese Congress Party – comprised mainly of anti-Rana rebels – was installed in government. With Nepal back on the map, visitors returned, including New Zealander, Edmund Hillary, who became the first person to scale Mount Everest in 1953.
But by 1960 Nepal was once again thrown into turmoil; realising that a monarchy and democratic government were incompatible, King Mahendra dissolved parliament.
Bowing to growing disquiet, his successor, King Birendra, held a referendum in 1979 to decide the future of Nepali politics. However, its people voted, by a small minority, to maintain the status quo, which failed to placate critics. In 1990, once again, unrest forced the king’s hand and he agreed that a new democratic constitution was necessary.
The following year Nepal held its first democratic elections in 50 years. Yet the nineties were characterised by economic failure, which laid the foundations for the Nepalese Civil War. The armed conflict – between the Maoist Communist Party of Nepal and the beleaguered government – lasted a decade and reached its nadir in 2001, when a state of emergency was declared.
In the same year, Crown Prince Dipendra, heir to the throne, went on a drunken rampage, murdering the King and several family members before committing suicide.
Eventually, in 2006, a peace deal was signed, which brought the Maoists into mainstream politics and curtailed the power of the monarchy further (a year later, the monarchy was abolished).
Nepal has been largely peaceful since and Nepal’s most recent elections in 2013 – which are disputed by Maoists – show signs of forward momentum. But, politically speaking, there’s still a mountain to climb.
Nepal Culture
Religion:
Mainly Hindu (85%) and Buddhist (8%), with a small Muslim minority (4%).
Social conventions:
Be careful to respect local customs: Never step over the feet of a person - always walk round; never offer food and drink that you have tasted or bitten; never offer or accept anything with the left hand - use the right or both hands; it is rude to point at a person or statue with a finger (or even with a foot).
Often when people shake their head, it means 'yes'. Footwear should be removed when entering houses, especially kitchens and shrines. Do not stand in front of a person who is eating. Shaking hands is not a common form of greeting; instead, press the palms together in a prayer-like gesture (Namaste).
Casual-wear is suitable except for the most formal meetings or social occasions. However, bikinis, shorts, bare shoulders and backs may not be appreciated. Men only remove their shirts when bathing. Overt public displays of affection, especially near religious places, are inappropriate.
Seek permission before entering a temple, and do not take leather articles inside them.
Photography: Always ask permission first. In general, photography is allowed outside temples and at festivals, but not inside temples or at religious ceremonies; however, there is no hard and fast rule, and the only way to be sure of not giving offence is to ask first and accept the answer.
Language in Nepal
The official language is Nepali (spoken by 49%). There are many other languages, including Maithili and Bhojpuri. English is spoken in business circles and by people involved in the travel trade.
About Nepal
Nepal Travel
Officially the highest country on Earth, lofty Nepal is commonly referred to as the “roof of the world.” That seems like a fitting moniker for this Himalayan nation, where soaring, snow-capped mountains disappear into the clouds like stairways to heaven.
Mount Everest is, of course, the star attraction. Tourists come in their droves to climb, hike and admire the world’s tallest peak, which flirts with the stratosphere at 8,848m (29,029ft).
However, this charming country is much more than just mountains. The birthplace of Gautama Buddha, Nepal is an important pilgrimage site for millions of Buddhists, who come from far and wide to visit the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Lumbini, a temple complex where Buddha once lived.
Temples are ubiquitous in Nepal, but not just the Buddhist variety; Hinduism has a strong foothold in the country and there are many Hindu temples scattered across the country.
If spirituality doesn’t arouse your interest, the Nepali capital, Kathmandu, should prove a welcome distraction. Encircled by mountains, this beautiful, bustling city stands at a cultural crossroads between India and China, whose influences can be seen in the architecture and tasted in delicious cuisine.
Kathmandu is the entry point for most travellers and is worthy of at least a few days exploration. As well as temples, gardens and a fantastic culinary scene, the city has a lively nightlife, particularly in the district of Thamel, which is a favourite for partygoers.
The city is also a good starting point for travellers venturing into the jungle at Chitwan National Park, a fantastic reserve which is home to Bengali tigers, crocodiles and one-horned rhinos, plus myriad bird species. Phewa Lake is another draw for tourists, as are the hiking trails in the Himalayas.
Wherever you go, though, wide smiles will be there to greet you; Nepalese people are amongst the friendliest in the world and it’s not uncommon to be invited into a strangers’ home for tea.
Sitting on top of the world, Nepal is just one step away from heaven – and for those who have discovered the country’s many charms, it feels like it too.
Officially the highest country on Earth, lofty Nepal is commonly referred to as the “roof of the world.” That seems like a fitting moniker for this Himalayan nation, where soaring, snow-capped mountains disappear into the clouds like stairways to heaven.
Mount Everest is, of course, the star attraction. Tourists come in their droves to climb, hike and admire the world’s tallest peak, which flirts with the stratosphere at 8,848m (29,029ft).
However, this charming country is much more than just mountains. The birthplace of Gautama Buddha, Nepal is an important pilgrimage site for millions of Buddhists, who come from far and wide to visit the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Lumbini, a temple complex where Buddha once lived.
Temples are ubiquitous in Nepal, but not just the Buddhist variety; Hinduism has a strong foothold in the country and there are many Hindu temples scattered across the country.
If spirituality doesn’t arouse your interest, the Nepali capital, Kathmandu, should prove a welcome distraction. Encircled by mountains, this beautiful, bustling city stands at a cultural crossroads between India and China, whose influences can be seen in the architecture and tasted in delicious cuisine.
Kathmandu is the entry point for most travellers and is worthy of at least a few days exploration. As well as temples, gardens and a fantastic culinary scene, the city has a lively nightlife, particularly in the district of Thamel, which is a favourite for partygoers.
The city is also a good starting point for travellers venturing into the jungle at Chitwan National Park, a fantastic reserve which is home to Bengali tigers, crocodiles and one-horned rhinos, plus myriad bird species. Phewa Lake is another draw for tourists, as are the hiking trails in the Himalayas.
Wherever you go, though, wide smiles will be there to greet you; Nepalese people are amongst the friendliest in the world and it’s not uncommon to be invited into a strangers’ home for tea.
Sitting on top of the world, Nepal is just one step away from heaven – and for those who have discovered the country’s many charms, it feels like it too.